Agenda
Date: Feb 18, 2026
Time: 15:00 UTC
Meeting Time: Wednesday, February 18, 2026 at 15:00 UTC (60 minutes)
Meeting Summary:
The meeting began with Antonio introducing a presentation on signature schemes, highlighting Falcon’s efficiency compared to other schemes while noting its hardware dependencies. The agenda included presentations on hash-based signature schemes by Michael, a demo by Nico on optimizing post-quantum signatures for Ethereum’s EVM, and a discussion on threshold signatures by Yashvan and Naman. Nicolas demonstrated promising results with gas costs around 400K for hybrid accounts combining K1 and post-quantum signatures, which was significantly lower than previous implementations, though further validation by cryptographers was recommended.
Click to expand detailed summary
The meeting participants gathered early for a presentation, with Antonio explaining he typically waits a few minutes before starting. Mike confirmed that Gnosis would miss the meeting due to a parallel call but was aware of the presentation content. The group waited for additional attendees, with Antonio mentioning the presence of a Notetaker and noting the increasing number of meeting agents. The meeting was set to begin with Antonio’s short presentation to set the stage, followed by the agenda.
Antonio introduced the meeting and provided a recap of recent discussions on signature schemes, highlighting the efficiency of Falcon compared to other schemes. He mentioned that Falcon is shorter in size and cheaper for precompiles, but has issues with hardware reliance. The agenda for the day included presentations on HBS signature schemes by Michael, a demo by Nico, and a discussion on threshold signatures by Yashvan and Naman. The meeting aimed to explore symmetric primitives based on hashing and address the challenges of threshold signatures in hash-based schemes.
Mike presented on hash-based signature schemes, focusing on their security and size implications for blockchain applications like Bitcoin. He explained that while hash-based schemes are secure and widely used, their signatures can be large (up to 7.5KB for Sphinx Plus), but various optimizations can reduce sizes to around 3KB. Mike also discussed stateless vs stateful schemes and introduced a hybrid approach combining both, which could achieve very small signatures (around 300 bytes) while maintaining backup capabilities. The discussion concluded with Antonio introducing Nixo, who had implemented some of these findings on Ethereum.
Nicolas presented his research on optimizing post-quantum signatures for Ethereum’s EVM, focusing on finding efficient parameters within EVM constraints. He demonstrated two schemes with gas costs of around 400K for hybrid accounts combining K1 and post-quantum signatures, which is significantly lower than the Falcon implementation presented previously. Nicolas noted that while these parameters are promising, they should be further validated by cryptographers, and he will publish the transaction data with his repository for others to review.
Next Steps:
- Antonio: Post the comparison table of random signature schemes online
- Mike: Answer questions in the chat (rather than by voice)
- Nicolas: Publish the transaction details with the repo so everyone can look at them
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YouTube recording available: https://youtu.be/qfabylnV53A