ERC-8393: Tokenized Carbon Credits with Retirement

ERCs
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For the full ERC, see the pull request: Add ERC: Tokenized Carbon Credits with Retirement by sehyun-wincl · Pull Request #1965 · ethereum/ERCs · GitHub

Abstract

This proposal defines an interface for representing carbon credits as semi-fungible tokens on top of ERC-1155 ( ERC-1155: Multi Token Standard ). Each token encodes a (projectId, creditId) pair into a single uint256 identifier and carries a fixed metadata schema aligned with the attributes published by carbon registries: project name, methodology, vintage, country of issuance, total issued volume, and expiry. The interface also defines retirement, the act of using a credit to offset emissions. Retiring subtracts from the holder’s transferable balance and records an equal, permanent, non-transferable retired balance, so issuance, transfer, and retirement can all be audited directly from the ledger.

Feedback on the retirement model, the metadata schema, and interoperability with existing registry conventions (Verra/Gold Standard) is very welcome.

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I don’t know if I understood this correctly. Have any link on your standard proposal? Aren’t you able to track the transactions anyway by tracking the contract when you burn the token?

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What binds an on-chain retirement to the corresponding credits in the originating registry?

Suppose tokens are marked retired while the underlying credits remain transferable off-chain. What prevents those same credits from being sold again or tokenized through another contract?

How would an integrator verify the originating registry and serial-number range behind a tokenId? A projectId and creditId pair alone would not establish exclusive backing across deployments.

Also what happens if the on-chain retirement succeeds but the registry-side retirement fails?

If registry synchronization is outside scope then should the retired balance explicitly represent token retirement only? Otherwise an irreversible ledger entry could be mistaken for confirmed use of the underlying carbon credit.