EIP-1295 will be discussed during tomorrow’s developer call. I will be presenting it.
I will address your claim that “Uncle rates are driven by latency - a product of centralization” is patently false.
Latency is the single driver of Uncles.
With centralization of work package distribution (mining pools), there is latency introduced that can be otherwise avoided when solo mining. Hence, latency is a product of centralization.
Mining nodes are hit with three levels of latency:
Latency with the Ethereum node network — the time it takes for the mining node to receive notification that a new pending block is available.
Latency with the miners — the time it takes for the mining pool to send new work packages to its miners + the time it takes for a miner to send a potential solution back to the mining pool.
Latency in propagating a “solved” block — the time it takes for a mining pool to distribute its valid block solution to 51pct of the Ethereum network.
There are some areas where a mining pool/node CAN minimize latency:
Invest in low-latency fiber connectivity.
Invest in best-in-class compute servers (including SSD storage).
Increase their exposure to the Ethereum network (connect to more peers).
Trim their transaction queue size to minimize computing requirements.
There are some areas where a mining pool/node CANNOT manage latency:
**The latency of its miners to the pool itself (think home internet latency).**
The latency of network peer connections.
The block propagation advantage larger pools have to their own miners.
Let’s quantify some of the latency:
Mining node block propagation — 200ms to 500ms
Block Import / Transaction Processing — 100ms to 150ms
Mining pool to miner latency — 100ms to 500ms
Miner to mining pool latency — 100ms to 500ms
This puts our aggregate range of latency from 400ms to 1650ms.
If a target block round is 15sec, it’s possible a valid block may not be propagated for 1.65sec!!! That’s an 11pct delay under normal operating conditions! That also defines the lower boundary of the network wide uncle rates.